STATS BASEBALL
MLB        MAJOR LEAGUE BASEBALL

STATISTICS

LEADERS
PLAYERS GP W L SV H HR R ER BB K OUT ERA
1Tigers Jack Morris25 14 7 0 153 14 69 67 78 97 594 3,05
2Reds Bruce Berenyi21 9 6 0 97 3 55 49 77 106 378 3,50
3Padres Juan Eichelberger25 8 8 0 136 5 60 55 74 81 424 3,50
4Astros Nolan Ryan21 11 5 0 99 2 34 28 68 140 447 1,69
5Indians John Denny19 10 6 0 139 9 62 51 66 94 437 3,15
6Reds Tom Seaver23 14 2 0 120 10 51 47 66 87 499 2,54
7Blue Jays Jim Clancy22 6 12 0 126 12 77 68 64 56 375 4,90
8Athletics Mike Norris23 12 9 0 145 17 77 72 63 78 518 3,75
9Phillies Steve Carlton24 13 4 0 152 9 59 51 62 179 570 2,42
10Orioles Dennis Martinez25 14 5 0 173 10 84 66 62 88 537 3,32
11Athletics Steve McCatty22 14 7 0 140 12 50 48 61 91 557 2,33
12Reds Mario Soto25 12 9 0 142 13 69 64 61 151 525 3,29
13Blue Jays Dave Stieb25 11 10 0 148 10 70 65 61 89 551 3,19
14Dodgers Fernando Valenzuela25 13 7 0 140 11 55 53 61 180 577 2,48
15Athletics Rick Langford24 12 10 0 190 14 81 65 58 84 586 2,99
16Rangers Danny Darwin22 9 9 0 115 12 67 59 57 98 438 3,64
17Giants Tom Griffin22 8 8 0 121 8 62 54 57 83 388 3,76
18Tigers Dan Petry23 10 9 0 115 10 53 47 57 79 423 3,00
19Orioles Sammy Stewart29 4 8 4 89 8 33 29 57 57 337 2,32
20Braves Phil Niekro22 7 7 0 120 6 56 48 56 62 418 3,10
21Mets Pat Zachry24 7 14 0 151 13 78 64 56 76 417 4,14
22Cubs Mike Krukow25 9 9 0 146 11 68 59 55 101 433 3,68
23Mariners Bryan Clark29 2 5 2 92 3 54 45 55 52 280 4,34
24Giants Vida Blue18 8 6 0 97 7 40 34 54 63 374 2,45
25Phillies Dick Ruthven23 12 7 0 162 10 94 84 54 80 440 5,15
26Braves Tommy Boggs25 3 13 0 140 11 72 65 54 81 428 4,10
27Pirates Rick Rhoden21 9 4 0 147 6 66 59 53 76 409 3,89
28Twins Albert Williams23 6 10 0 160 11 72 68 52 76 450 4,08
29Twins Pete Redfern24 9 8 0 140 12 70 64 52 77 425 4,07
30Tigers Milt Wilcox24 12 9 0 152 10 61 56 52 79 499 3,03
31Blue Jays Juan Berenguer20 2 13 0 84 11 62 53 51 49 272 5,26
32Red Sox Mike Torrez22 10 3 0 130 10 61 52 51 54 382 3,68
33Padres Tim Lollar24 2 8 1 87 4 56 52 51 38 230 6,10
34Red Sox Mark Clear34 8 3 9 69 11 36 35 51 82 230 4,11
35Padres Steve Mura23 5 14 0 156 10 72 66 50 70 416 4,28
36White Sox Britt Burns24 10 6 0 139 14 52 46 49 108 470 2,64
37White Sox Richard Dotson24 9 8 0 145 13 67 59 49 73 423 3,77
38Cubs Randy Martz33 5 7 6 103 6 49 44 49 32 323 3,68
39Giants Ed Whitson22 6 9 0 130 10 61 55 47 65 369 4,02
40Angels Mike Witt22 8 9 0 123 9 60 47 47 75 387 3,28
41Astros Joe Niekro24 9 9 0 150 8 60 52 47 77 498 2,82
42Indians Len Barker22 8 7 0 150 7 72 67 46 127 463 3,91
43Orioles Jim Palmer22 7 8 0 117 14 60 53 46 35 382 3,75
44Athletics Matt Keough19 10 6 0 125 11 56 53 45 60 421 3,40
45Indians Rick Waits22 8 10 0 173 7 74 69 44 51 379 4,92
46Giants Doyle Alexander24 11 7 0 156 11 51 49 44 77 457 2,89
47Blue Jays Luis Leal29 7 13 1 127 8 63 53 44 71 389 3,68
48Giants Al Holland47 7 5 7 87 4 31 27 44 78 302 2,41
49Red Sox Frank Tanana24 4 10 0 142 17 70 63 43 78 424 4,01
50Angels Geoff Zahn25 10 11 0 181 18 93 79 43 52 484 4,41
51White Sox Dennis Lamp27 7 6 0 103 4 41 34 43 71 381 2,41
52Braves Rick Mahler34 8 6 2 109 5 41 35 43 54 337 2,80
53Mariners Ken Clay22 2 7 0 116 10 62 52 42 32 303 4,63
54Angels Steve Renko22 8 4 1 93 7 40 39 42 50 306 3,44
55Rangers Jon Matlack17 4 7 0 101 8 59 48 41 43 313 4,14
56Expos Ray Burris22 9 7 0 117 9 56 46 41 52 407 3,05
57Expos Steve Rogers22 12 8 0 149 7 64 61 41 87 482 3,42
58Padres Chris Welsh22 6 7 0 122 9 55 52 41 51 371 3,78
59Dodgers Bob Welch23 9 5 0 141 11 56 54 41 88 424 3,44
60Royals Dennis Leonard26 13 11 0 202 15 79 67 41 107 605 2,99
61Twins Jerry Koosman27 4 13 5 125 10 59 54 41 76 364 4,01
62Yankees Rudy May27 6 11 1 137 10 71 68 41 79 443 4,14
63White Sox Ross Baumgarten19 5 9 0 101 9 56 46 40 52 305 4,07
64Rangers Fergie Jenkins19 5 8 0 122 14 55 53 40 63 318 4,50
65Indians Bert Blyleven20 11 7 0 145 9 52 51 40 107 478 2,88
66Orioles Scott McGregor24 13 5 0 167 13 63 58 40 82 480 3,26
67Pirates Rod Scurry27 4 5 7 74 6 33 31 40 65 222 3,77
68Athletics Jeff Jones33 4 1 3 51 7 27 23 40 43 183 3,39
69Cardinals Silvio Martinez18 2 5 0 95 4 48 43 39 34 291 3,99
70Yankees Tommy John20 9 8 0 135 10 50 41 39 50 421 2,63
71Mariners Floyd Bannister21 9 9 0 128 14 62 60 39 85 364 4,45
72Cubs Ken Kravec24 1 6 0 80 5 48 44 39 50 235 5,06
73Indians Dan Spillner32 4 4 7 86 3 41 34 39 59 292 3,14
74Mets Randy Jones13 1 8 0 65 8 48 32 38 14 178 4,85
75Yankees Dave Righetti15 8 4 0 75 1 25 24 38 89 316 2,05
76Royals Rich Gale19 6 6 0 107 14 63 61 38 47 305 5,40
77Mariners Jerry Gleaton20 4 7 0 88 10 50 45 38 31 256 4,75
78White Sox Steve Trout20 8 7 0 122 7 53 48 38 54 374 3,47
79Astros Bob Knepper22 9 5 0 128 5 41 38 38 75 470 2,18
80Athletics Tom Underwood25 4 6 1 69 6 38 34 38 75 251 3,66
81Red Sox Bob Stanley35 10 8 0 110 3 46 42 38 28 296 3,83
82Giants Fred Breining45 5 2 1 66 4 28 22 38 37 233 2,55
83Mariners Shane Rawley46 4 6 8 64 1 31 30 38 35 205 3,95
84Orioles Mike Flanagan20 9 6 0 108 11 55 54 37 72 348 4,19
85Mets Pete Falcone35 5 3 1 84 3 32 27 36 56 286 2,55
86Giants Greg Minton55 4 5 21 84 0 28 27 36 29 253 2,88
87Padres Gary Lucas57 7 7 13 78 1 26 20 36 53 270 2,00
88Blue Jays Mark Bomback20 5 5 0 84 6 42 39 35 33 271 3,89
89Reds Frank Pastore22 4 9 0 125 11 73 59 35 81 396 4,02
90Red Sox Dennis Eckersley23 9 8 0 160 9 82 73 35 79 462 4,27
91Royals Larry Gura23 11 8 0 139 11 61 52 35 61 517 2,72
92Cubs Lynn McGlothen31 1 4 0 85 1 42 39 35 38 229 4,60
93Pirates Pascual Perez17 2 7 0 92 5 50 38 34 46 259 3,96
94Expos Bill Gullickson22 7 9 0 142 3 54 49 34 115 472 2,80
95Twins Fernando Arroyo23 7 10 0 144 11 66 56 34 39 385 3,93
96Mets Mike Scott23 5 10 0 130 11 65 59 34 54 408 3,90
97Cardinals Bob Shirley28 6 4 1 78 6 42 36 34 36 238 4,08
98Cubs Doug Capilla42 1 0 0 52 1 20 18 34 28 153 3,18
99White Sox Ed Farmer42 3 3 10 53 5 33 27 34 42 158 4,61
100Twins Doug Corbett54 2 6 17 80 5 29 25 34 60 263 2,57
101Rangers Doc Medich20 10 6 0 136 8 51 49 33 65 430 3,08
102Dodgers Burt Hooton23 11 6 0 124 3 42 36 33 74 427 2,28
103Cubs Rick Reuschel25 8 11 0 162 8 64 54 33 75 469 3,11
104Tigers Dave Tobik27 2 2 1 47 7 19 18 33 32 181 2,69
105Angels Andy Hassler42 4 3 5 72 8 29 27 33 44 227 3,21
106Phillies Sparky Lyle48 9 6 2 85 4 40 37 33 29 225 4,44
107Athletics Brian Kingman18 3 6 0 112 10 48 44 32 52 301 3,95
108Twins Don Cooper27 1 5 0 61 9 33 28 32 33 176 4,30
109Reds Paul Moskau27 2 1 2 54 4 31 30 32 32 164 4,94
110Cubs Doug Bird29 9 6 0 130 10 53 46 32 62 386 3,22
111Orioles Tippy Martinez37 3 3 11 48 4 21 19 32 50 177 2,90
112Twins Roger Erickson14 3 8 0 93 7 48 39 31 44 274 3,84
113Rangers Charlie Hough21 4 1 1 61 4 30 27 31 69 246 2,96
114Blue Jays Jackson Todd21 2 7 0 94 10 51 43 31 41 293 3,96
115Expos Scott Sanderson22 9 7 0 122 10 50 45 31 77 412 2,95
116Cardinals Mark Littell28 1 3 2 36 2 21 20 31 22 123 4,39
117Tigers Aurelio Lopez29 5 2 3 70 8 34 33 31 53 245 3,64
118Cubs Bill Caudill30 1 5 0 87 9 50 46 31 45 213 5,83
119Rangers Steve Comer36 8 2 6 70 1 25 22 31 22 232 2,56
120Cubs Lee Smith40 3 6 1 57 2 31 26 31 50 200 3,51
121Reds Tom Hume51 9 4 13 63 7 27 26 31 27 203 3,46
122Phillies Larry Christenson20 4 7 1 108 8 48 42 30 70 320 3,54
123Reds Mike LaCoss20 4 7 1 102 7 55 53 30 22 234 6,12
124Padres John Curtis28 2 6 0 70 11 41 38 30 31 200 5,13
125Twins Jack O'Connor28 3 2 0 46 3 27 23 30 16 106 5,86
126Cubs Dick Tidrow51 3 10 9 73 6 45 42 30 39 224 5,06
127Tigers Dan Schatzeder17 6 8 0 74 13 49 48 29 20 214 6,06
128Cardinals Bob Forsch20 10 5 0 106 7 47 44 29 41 373 3,18
129Astros Don Sutton23 11 9 0 132 6 51 46 29 104 476 2,61
130Royals Renie Martin29 4 5 4 55 2 25 19 29 25 185 2,77
131Royals Mike Jones12 6 3 0 74 7 30 27 28 29 227 3,21
132Mets Greg Harris16 3 5 1 65 8 36 34 28 54 206 4,46
133Red Sox John Tudor18 4 3 1 74 11 44 40 28 44 236 4,58
134Mariners Glenn Abbott22 4 9 0 127 14 64 57 28 35 391 3,94
135Mariners Mike Parrott24 3 6 1 102 3 51 48 28 43 255 5,08
136Padres John Urrea38 2 2 2 43 1 14 13 28 19 147 2,39
137Padres John Littlefield42 2 3 2 53 5 28 26 28 21 192 3,66
138White Sox La Marr Hoyt43 9 3 10 80 10 40 36 28 60 272 3,57
139Orioles Steve Stone15 4 7 0 63 7 39 32 27 30 188 4,60
140Giants Allen Ripley19 4 4 0 103 5 45 41 27 47 272 4,07
141Angels Ken Forsch20 11 7 0 143 7 54 49 27 55 459 2,88
142Dodgers Jerry Reuss22 10 4 0 138 6 44 39 27 51 458 2,30
143Pirates Eddie Solomon22 8 6 1 133 10 49 44 27 38 381 3,12
144Braves John Montefusco26 2 3 1 75 9 32 30 27 34 232 3,49
145Pirates Jim Bibby14 6 3 0 79 4 30 26 26 48 281 2,50
146Expos Charlie Lea16 5 4 0 63 4 34 33 26 31 193 4,62
147Cardinals John Martin17 8 5 0 85 10 43 39 26 36 308 3,42
148Yankees Ron Guidry23 11 5 0 100 12 41 39 26 104 381 2,76
149Cardinals Lary Sorensen23 7 7 0 149 3 59 51 26 52 421 3,27
150Mets Neil Allen43 7 6 18 64 4 26 22 26 50 200 2,97
151Red Sox Bob Ojeda10 6 2 0 50 6 25 23 25 28 199 3,12
152Dodgers Dave Goltz26 2 7 1 83 4 35 35 25 48 231 4,09
153Tigers Dave Rozema28 5 5 3 99 12 42 42 25 46 312 3,63
154Blue Jays Roy Lee Jackson39 1 2 7 65 5 23 18 25 27 186 2,61
155Yankees Ron Davis43 4 5 6 47 6 22 22 25 83 219 2,71
156Phillies Mark Davis9 1 4 0 49 7 37 37 24 29 129 7,74
157Twins Brad Havens14 3 6 0 76 6 33 31 24 43 234 3,58
158Phillies Nino Espinosa15 2 5 0 102 11 53 51 24 22 224 6,15
159Braves Gaylord Perry23 8 9 0 182 9 70 66 24 60 452 3,94
160Expos Stan Bahnsen25 2 1 1 45 7 27 27 24 28 147 4,96
161Angels Jesse Jefferson26 2 4 0 80 4 39 31 24 27 231 3,62
162Dodgers Bobby Castillo34 2 4 5 50 5 31 30 24 35 152 5,33
163Angels Don Aase39 4 4 11 56 4 17 17 24 38 196 2,34
164Cardinals Bruce Sutter48 3 5 25 64 5 24 24 24 57 247 2,62
165Yankees Gene Nelson8 3 1 0 40 5 24 21 23 16 118 4,81
166Braves Bob Walk12 1 4 0 41 6 25 22 23 16 130 4,57
167Pirates Odell Jones13 4 5 0 51 3 23 20 23 30 163 3,31
168Phillies Dickie Noles13 2 2 0 57 2 30 27 23 34 175 4,17
169Pirates Don Robinson16 0 3 2 47 4 27 25 23 17 115 5,87
170Cardinals Joaquin Andujar20 8 4 0 85 6 41 36 23 37 237 4,10
171Braves Preston Hanna20 2 1 0 45 2 27 25 23 22 106 6,37
172Royals Paul Splittorff21 5 5 0 111 12 48 48 23 48 297 4,36
173Giants Gary Lavelle34 2 6 4 58 3 33 28 23 45 197 3,84
174Blue Jays Jerry Garvin35 1 2 0 46 3 20 20 23 25 159 3,40
175Astros Dave Smith42 5 3 8 54 2 26 23 23 52 225 2,76
176Rangers Jim Kern23 1 2 6 21 0 10 9 22 20 90 2,70
177Astros Joe Sambito49 5 5 10 43 4 17 13 22 41 191 1,84
178Mets Ed Lynch17 4 5 0 79 6 32 26 21 27 241 2,91
179Royals Jim Wright17 2 3 0 57 5 21 20 21 27 156 3,46
180Indians Sid Monge31 3 5 4 58 9 31 28 21 41 174 4,34
181Padres Danny Boone37 1 0 2 63 2 23 20 21 43 190 2,84
182Astros Frank LaCorte37 4 2 5 41 1 18 17 21 40 126 3,64
183Tigers Kevin Saucier38 4 2 13 26 1 11 9 21 23 147 1,65
184Blue Jays Joey McLaughlin40 1 5 10 55 2 24 19 21 38 180 2,85
185Expos Jeff Reardon43 3 0 8 48 5 17 17 21 49 211 2,18
186Dodgers Rick Sutcliffe14 2 2 0 41 5 24 21 20 16 141 4,02
187Astros Vern Ruhle20 4 6 1 97 6 36 33 20 39 306 2,91
188Blue Jays Mike Willis20 0 4 0 43 6 25 23 20 16 105 5,91
189Cardinals Jim Otten24 1 0 0 44 3 23 21 20 20 107 5,30
190Red Sox Bill Campbell30 1 1 7 45 5 23 17 20 37 145 3,17
191Braves Gene Garber35 4 6 2 49 2 23 17 20 34 176 2,61
192Pirates Luis Tiant9 2 5 0 54 3 31 25 19 32 172 3,92
193Angels Dave Frost12 1 8 0 44 3 30 29 19 16 142 5,51
194Twins Darrell Jackson14 3 3 0 35 1 16 16 19 26 98 4,41
195Padres Rick Wise18 4 8 0 116 10 44 41 19 27 294 3,77
196Athletics Bob Owchinko29 4 3 2 34 2 15 14 19 26 118 3,20
197Cardinals Doug Bair35 4 2 1 55 5 34 31 19 30 164 5,10
198Phillies Mike Proly35 2 1 2 66 6 29 27 19 19 189 3,86
199Expos Grant Jackson45 2 2 4 44 3 19 18 19 21 129 3,77
200Mariners Jim Beattie13 3 2 1 59 2 24 22 18 36 200 2,97
201Red Sox Steve Crawford14 0 5 0 69 10 38 32 18 29 173 4,99
202Tigers George Cappuzzello18 1 1 1 28 2 14 13 18 19 101 3,48
203Cardinals Bob Sykes22 2 0 0 37 2 20 19 18 14 112 4,58
204Indians Mike Stanton24 3 3 2 43 4 21 21 18 34 130 4,36
205Orioles Tim Stoddard31 4 2 7 38 6 16 16 18 32 112 3,86
206Pirates Enrique Romo33 1 3 9 47 5 27 21 18 23 125 4,54
207Mariners Larry Andersen41 3 3 5 57 4 27 20 18 40 203 2,66
208White Sox Kevin Hickey41 0 2 3 38 3 22 18 18 17 133 3,65
209Dodgers Steve Howe41 5 3 8 51 2 17 15 18 32 162 2,50
210Reds Joe Price41 6 1 4 42 3 19 15 18 41 161 2,52
211Rangers Rick Honeycutt20 11 6 0 120 12 49 47 17 40 383 3,31
212Mets Ray Searage26 1 0 1 34 2 16 15 17 16 110 3,68
213Red Sox Tom Burgmeier32 4 5 6 61 5 23 19 17 35 179 2,87
214Phillies Ron Reed39 5 3 8 54 6 26 21 17 40 184 3,08
215Cardinals Jim Kaat41 6 6 4 60 2 25 20 17 8 159 3,40
216Pirates Kent Tekulve45 5 5 3 61 1 19 18 17 34 195 2,49
217Phillies Marty Bystrom9 4 3 0 55 3 21 20 16 24 161 3,35
218Rangers Bob Babcock16 1 1 0 21 2 7 7 16 18 86 2,20
219Yankees Dave LaRoche26 4 1 0 38 3 16 13 16 24 141 2,49
220Phillies Dan Larson5 3 0 0 27 4 13 13 15 15 84 4,18
221Pirates Ernie Camacho7 0 1 0 23 0 13 12 15 11 65 4,98
222Reds Charlie Leibrandt7 1 1 0 28 0 12 12 15 9 90 3,60
223Braves Steve Bedrosian15 1 2 0 15 2 14 12 15 9 73 4,44
224Dodgers Terry Forster21 0 1 0 37 1 14 14 15 17 92 4,11
225Pirates Victor Cruz22 1 1 1 33 6 10 10 15 28 102 2,65
226Mets Dyar Miller23 1 0 0 49 2 20 14 15 22 115 3,29
227Cubs Rawly Eastwick30 0 1 1 43 2 16 11 15 24 130 2,28
228Mariners Dick Drago39 4 6 5 71 4 33 33 15 27 161 5,53
229Royals Dan Quisenberry40 1 4 18 59 1 16 12 15 20 187 1,73
230Indians Tom Brennan7 2 2 0 49 5 20 17 14 15 145 3,17
231White Sox Francisco Barrios8 1 3 0 45 3 23 16 14 12 109 3,96
232Angels Angel Moreno8 1 3 0 27 2 10 10 14 12 94 2,87
233Angels Bruce Kison11 1 1 0 40 8 18 17 14 19 132 3,48
234Indians Wayne Garland12 3 7 0 89 8 40 36 14 15 168 5,79
235Astros Bobby Sprowl15 0 1 0 40 1 20 19 14 18 86 5,97
236Royals Ken Brett22 1 1 2 35 2 16 15 14 7 97 4,18
237Twins John Verhoeven25 0 0 0 57 4 27 23 14 16 156 3,98
238Expos Bill Lee31 5 6 6 90 6 33 29 14 34 266 2,94
239Yankees Rich Gossage32 3 2 20 22 2 6 4 14 48 140 0,77
240Dodgers Dave Stewart32 4 3 6 40 3 13 12 14 29 130 2,49
241Phillies Tug McGraw34 2 4 10 35 2 13 13 14 26 132 2,66
242Expos Woodie Fryman35 5 3 7 38 1 16 9 14 25 129 1,88
243Tigers Howard Bailey9 1 4 0 45 4 31 30 13 17 110 7,36
244Red Sox Chuck Rainey11 0 1 0 39 2 21 12 13 20 120 2,70
245Mariners Bob Galasso13 1 1 1 32 2 19 17 13 14 95 4,83
246Red Sox Bruce Hurst5 2 0 0 23 1 11 11 12 11 69 4,30
247Twins Bob Veselic5 1 1 0 22 1 8 8 12 13 68 3,18
248Angels John DAcquisto6 0 0 0 26 2 24 23 12 8 58 10,71
249Royals Atlee Hammaker10 1 3 0 44 2 24 24 12 11 117 5,54
250Orioles Jeff Schneider11 0 0 1 27 4 15 13 12 17 72 4,88
MLB
MLB
DOUBLESGP2B
JARREN DURAN
160 49
BOBBY WITT
169 46
EZEQUIEL TOVAR
157 45
ALEC BOHM
147 44
BRYCE HARPER
149 44
COMPLETE STANDINGS  
TRIPLESGP3B
CORBIN CARROLL
158 14
JARREN DURAN
160 14
BOBBY WITT
169 11
ELLY DE LA CRUZ
160 10
MIKE YASTRZEMSKI
140 9
COMPLETE STANDINGS  
HOMERUNSGPHR
AARON JUDGE
173 61
SHOHEI OHTANI
175 57
JUAN SOTO
172 45
ANTHONY SANTANDER
157 44
JOSE RAMIREZ
168 41
COMPLETE STANDINGS  
RBIGPRBI
AARON JUDGE
173 153
SHOHEI OHTANI
175 140
JOSE RAMIREZ
168 123
JUAN SOTO
172 118
JOSH NAYLOR
162 113
COMPLETE STANDINGS  
MLB - PITCHERS
WINSGPW
TARIK SKUBAL
35 20
CHRIS SALE
29 18
CARLOS RODON
36 17
JOSE BERRIOS
32 16
ZACK WHEELER
33 16
COMPLETE STANDINGS  
SAVESGPSV
RYAN HELSLEY
65 49
EMMANUEL CLASE
81 49
ROBERT SUAREZ
70 39
KYLE FINNEGAN
65 38
RAISEL IGLESIAS
66 34
COMPLETE STANDINGS  
STRIKEOUTSGPK
TARIK SKUBAL
35 254
COLE RAGANS
35 244
ZACK WHEELER
33 233
DYLAN CEASE
35 230
MIKE KING
34 228
COMPLETE STANDINGS